Friday, May 16, 2008

Kodaikanal

Kodaikanal is a hill station. This peculiar brand of colonial creation is increasingly popular with tourists, but Kodaikanal is still fairly embryonic as far as tourism goes: sure, there are plenty of wealthy weekenders paddling about on the lake, but there are none of the high rise hotels that have ruined similar places.

The farmhouse in Pampar Puram, where I whiled away many happy days

The main drag in Pampar Puram

Images of Kodaikanal

Of course, very little actually happened during my extended stay in Pampar Puram: that's the whole point of taking time out relax in a quiet haven. But just for the record here are a few highlights of my stay in the hills...

On one walk, Niko and I discovered these three crosses up high on a hill

I met an equally laid-back Swiss traveller called Niko, and together we explored lakes, valleys, lookouts and forests, wandering aimlessly along cattle tracks and bridle paths. One particular highlight was a reservoir up in the hills where a team of Indian workers was quarrying rock right by the side of the water; we wandered past, exchanged smiles and hellos, and as we settled down for a rest in the soft pine needle beds just round the corner from the quarry, the world exploded as the dynamite the workers had been sticking into holes in the rock face went off. I guess that in India if you manage to get blown up in an explosives accident, it's just the will of God; it probably never occurred to them to warn us about it...

Pillar Rocks isn't a great place in the rain

Wandering up the road to watch a local cricket match, I managed to get a ride on the back of a push bike down to the pitch and, after the match, a ride on a motorbike to the tourist spot overlooking Pillar Rocks, a place I'd been meaning to visit. This sounds like a bit of good luck, but if you've ever been on the back of a screaming Indian-driven Kawasaki on a hairpin road, you'll understand just how hair-raising it is. Ashok, my courteous but reckless driver, heard my sharp intake of breath as we vulcanised our way round another corner, and shouted, 'Cold, isn't it!' He totally failed to realise that my reaction had nothing to do with temperature, but more to do with the juggernaut approaching at full speed on our side of the road. And Pillar Rocks? It's probably very pleasant when the clouds aren't smothering the view, but all I saw was grey mist and loads of trinket shops. Not exactly worth risking your life for.

· The people in the local chai shops were as friendly as they come. They taught us some choice words in Tamil (which I instantly forgot), invited us to join in their cricket matches, swapped cigarettes and stories, and pointed out the best places for us to visit. It was just another example of the wonderful people in India, and I realised with some delight that whereas after a month in Indonesia I was ready to throttle the locals, after a month in India I was growing to like the people more and more. And I still don't know exactly why, 'cos they can be an infuriating bunch quite a lot of the time...

The mysterious sign at Green Valley View

Green Valley View is a pleasant viewpoint that's renowned as a favourite suicide spot owing to its 2000 ft drop off; these days it seems that the only things going over the edge are empty Coke cans and chocolate wrappers, but its reputation brings in the tourists by the truckload. That still doesn't explain the sign erected by the cliff edge, which says, 'Mocking of ladies is punishable.' Still, when I visited the lookout even the group of Christian nuns who had popped in for a look were climbing over the barbed-wire wall for a better view of the scenery, so any explanation is possible. Whatever, I didn't mock anyone, just in case...

· I have discovered my favourite Indian foodstuff, bar none: Milk Bikis. These delectable treats are identical to Malted Milk biscuits back home (or 'moo cow' biscuits as we used to call them when I was a nipper) and are perfect for the midnight munchies. At Rs6.50 per packet (about 10p) they're a cheap way to make it through the day; full marks to Britannia, the company behind the packet, many of which Niko and I consumed in Kodai.

Relaxing in the farmhouse's basement

The election came and went, and provided me with one of the quietest days I'd yet seen. The village was dead, and the town not much livelier; I had expected an explosive culmination of all the blustering and bloodletting, but instead everything closed down and kept to itself. It was slightly disappointing, but then again, in an election where the voting started in some constituencies on February 15th, and the results won't arrive until a week into March, I suppose there's none of the 'incoming results' TV coverage so prevalent in western elections. I just assume that things will finally go crazy when the results are released...

· In every valley there is someone with a smile that lives on beyond their presence. Pampar Puram's resident Happiness Guru was called Sega (probably not spelt that way, but that's how he said it) and he worked on the local golf course, trimming the greens. With his black bush hat, his infectious and trippy laugh and an uncanny ability to spring out on you in the middle of nowhere and drag you off for a quick chai, he kept us smiling throughout our stay. Not for nothing did the locals refer him to as the 'hero of Pampar Puram'.

Exploring the wonderful countryside round Kodaikanal and Pampar Puram

Sarah, a nineteen-year-old bubbling brunette from Brighton, arrived halfway through my stay and improved life in the farmhouse considerably. The three of us talked, sat round campfires, walked, cooked and slipped further into the timelessness of the hills, but surely the most momentous bonding took place when we idly started to talk about music. Niko had already declared his love for English music, particularly the gloriously acidic New Model Army, and I was still having trouble shifting Sheryl Crow's 'Home' from my mind, having played it incessantly as the soundtrack to my Singapore experience; so when Sarah declared she had both a New Model Army tape and Sheryl's latest in her bag, it seemed as if heaven itself had landed in Pampar Puram. How apt is this quote from William Styron's classic novel Sophie's Choice, which I happened to be reading at the time: 'Just the availability of music alone, she said, filled her insides with a sense of delectation, as one feels just before what one knows will be a sumptuous meal.' We feasted on the tinny sound of memories wafting from her Walkman like hungry children in a sweet shop.

· Our music couldn't compete with the local brew, though. Throughout the election, music had exploded through the village's public announcement system every morning at 5.30am, and this I took with good grace and a set of earplugs, assuming it was all just electioneering. But the election came and went, and the music continued unabated, kicking in before even the sun had yawned itself awake: I have no idea whether this is a common event in sleepy backwaters, but it doesn't half shatter any chance of an uninterrupted lie in.

And all we did all day was explore, taking some wonderful trips into the hilly forests, discovering waterfalls, villages and yet more happy, friendly locals. It was bloody hard to move on, but with my plans in tatters I had to move some time. So I did, eventually, heading back down to Madurai after some nine days living rough in the hills...

Madurai Climate

Weather
Dry and hot, with rains during October-December
Summer temperature
Max: 37.5 Deg. C.
Min: 26.3 Deg. C.
Winter temperature
Max: 29.6 Deg. C.
Min: 20.9 Deg. C.
Average Rainfall
85 cms

Hot and humid, Madurai has the typical climate of the rest of the Deccan plateau. In summer May is the hottest month when you will not need much clothing, and what little you wear can be flimsy cottons. The winters are not worth the name - December, January and February - for they are only slightly less hot than the summers. Monsoons - September, October, and November - are wet with intermittent showers; though not heavy enough to deter one from sight-seeing.

Geography

Today, vast stretches of lush paddy fields, dusty roads and crowded bazaars make it seem almost like an overgrown village that is just blossoming into a town. The city, situated on the banks of the River Vaigai, is the second largest in Tamilnadu. It is also a burgeoning industrial center with its famous textile mills, engineering industries and vast university campus. It covers an area of 22 sq. KMs. and contains a population of 10,93,702. Lying at an altitude of 100.58 meters, it receives an average rainfall of 85 CMs.

Vaigai River

River in Madurai, flowing 150 miles (240 km) generally southeast. Rising in the Varushanad Hills of western Tamil Nadu, it initially flows northeast through the Kambam and Varushanad valleys. In its central reaches the Vaigai flows eastward into the Vaigai reservoir at Narasingapuram. Near Sholavandan it bends to the southeast, passing Madurai town on its course to its mouth on Palk Strait, which separates the southeast coast of India from Sri Lanka. The Vaigai River rarely floods; its chief tributaries are the Siruliar, Theniar, Varaha Nadi, and Mangalar.

Mattuthavani Bustand

Mattuthavani Bustand - Madurai

Buses from Mattuthavani bustand are for mostly north & east bound destinations. This is the latest bustand situated in the Madurai - Melur route in the north to bringdown the heavy city traffic. The list below are the some of the major places for which buses are available from Palanganatham. Town buses, auto rickshaws and hotels are available near the bustand.

Abiramapuram Karaikudi Paramakudi Tiruchendur
Aranthangi Mandapam Pattukottai Tiruchy
Aruppukottai Mayiladuthurai Pondicherry Tiruvarur
Bangalore Mudhukulathur Ponnamaravathi Tuticorin
Chennai Nagapattinam Pudukottai Uchipuli
Chidambaram Nazareth Ramanathapuram Udangudi
Cuddalore Neyveli Sayalgudi Vilathikulam
Devakottai Panangudi Tanjavur Villupuram

Madurai Contact numbers

ABDUL HAMEED K V - COLLEGE OF ALLIED MEDICAL SCIENCE 2533803
AMBIGA COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCE 2535613
AMERICAN COLLEGE 2528218
AMERICAN COLLEGE - APPLIED SCIENCE DEPT 2532125
AMERICAN COLLEGE - PBX NO 2530070
AMERICAN COLLEGE HR SEC SCHOOL 2530877
AMERICAN COLLEGE INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 2536541
ANNAI FATIMA CATTERING COLLEGE 2380326
C S C COMPUTER SOFTWARE COLLEGE 2523098
C S I COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCE FOR WOMEN-SPL OFFICER 2561443
C S I DARLING SELVABAI THAVARAJ DAVID COLLEGE 2567300
C S I JEYARAJ ANNAPACKIAM COLLEGE OF NURSING-DEAN 2371741
COLLEGE OF ALLIED MEDICAL SCIENCE 2533803
DEAN MA MEDICAL COLLEGE 2650888
EMG YADAVA WOMEN'S COLLEGE 2681043
EVENING COLLEGE 2537695
FATHIMA COLLEGE 2668016
GANDHIAN THOUGHTS COLLEGE 2537542
GOKULAM HOSTEL WARDEN YADAVA COLLEGE 2680173
INDIAN COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY 2536066
INDIRA N-K M COLLEGE OF PHARMACY 2586874
JT DIRECTOR OF COLLEGEATE EDUCATION 2522344
K L N COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING 2337619
K L N COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING LADIES HOSTEL 2675609
K L N COLLEGE OF INFN TECHNOLOGY 2674258
K L N COLLEGE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 2674251
K L N SOURASTRA COLLEGE 2675421
K L N SOURASTRA ENG COLLEGE 2675420
K M COLLEGE OF PHARMACY 2586265
KANAGAMBAL S AMBIGA COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCE 2535613
LADY DOAK COLLEGE 2522021
LAW COLLEGE 2651395
LAW COLLEGE-COMPUTER SECTION 2651267
LOUIS COLLEGE 2681846
M A V M M ENGG COLLEGE TRUST 2623978
MA KAMARAJ UNIVERSITY COLLEGE 2530860
MADURA COLLEGE 2673354
MADURAI LAW COLLEGE 2651395
MANGAYARKARASI COLLEGE OF ARTS SECRETARY 2360734
MANNAR THIRUMALAI NAICKER COLLEGE 2370940
MEDCIAL COLLEGE MEN'S HOSTEL 2531660
MEDICAL COLLEGE 2532539
MEENAKSHI COLLEGE-CONTROLLER OF EXAM 2537510
MEENAKSHI GOVT COLLEGE FOR WOMEN - COMPUTER SCIENCE DEP 2523544
MUSIC COLLEGE PRINCIPAL 2370861
N M S SERMATHAI VASAN COLLEGE FOR WOMEN 2342856
NADAR MAHAJANA SANGAM RES CONN TO PRINCY S V COLLEGE FO 2673639
NADAR SANGAM - SERMATHAI VASAN COLLEGE FOR WOMEN 2670226
NADARS COLLEGE OF COMMERCE VAP, CORRESPONDENT 2326368
PANDIAN COLLEGE OF PHARMACY 2381654
POTTAPALAYAM ENG COLLEGE CORRESPONDENT 2674408
RAJA ENGINEERING COLLEGE 2532721
S B T COLLEGE OF EDUCATION 2539040
SARASWATHI NARAYANAN COLLEGE 2690635
SERMATHAI VASAN COLLEGE FOR WOMEN 2342856
SIDDA [RENGARAJAN] TUTORIAL COLLEGE 2334936
SIVANATH S V S-SECY SOURASHTRA COLLEGE 2372400
SOURASHTRA COLLEGE OF ENGG 2670184
SOURASTRA COLLEGE 2370942
SREE MEENAKSHI GOVT COLLEGE 2651957
SREE MEENAKSHI GOVT COLLEGE FOR WOMEN 2651988
ST JUSTINS TEACHERS COLLEGE FOR WOMEN 2311012
STUDENTS TUTORIAL COLLEGE [STC] [SCHOOL & HOS 2602714
TAMIL SANGAM (ORIENTAL COLLEGE) 2343707
THIAGARAJA ARTS COLLEGE 2311875
THIAGARAJA COLLEGE COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPT 2311922
TN BIBLE COLLEGE-PRINCIPAL RES 2602580
ULTRA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY 2534593
V A P NADARS COLLEGE OF COMMERCE, CORRESPONDENT 2326368
VICTORY TUTORIAL COLLEGE 2337542
WAKF BD COLLEGE SECRETARY & CORRESPONDENT 2524747
YADAVA COLLEGE 2681688
YADAVA COLLEGE 2680362
YADAVA COLLEGE FOR WOMEN 2683501
YADAVA WOMENS COLLEGE 2681247

Universities & Study Centers

ALAGAPPA UNIVERSITY STUDY CENTRE 2632448
AMERICAN COLLEGE INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 2536541
ANNAMALAI UNIVERSITY STUDY CENTRE 2628327
DAKSHINAMOORTHY V - DIR YOUTH WELFARE,MA UNIVERSITY 2601455
DIR YOUTH WELFARE MA UNIVERSITY 2601455
INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY STUDY CENTRE 2536541
KAMARAJ UNIVERSITY PRINCIPAL 2528269
MA KAMARAJ UNIVERSITY COLLEGE 2530860
MA KAMARAJ UNIVERSITY TEACHERS ASSN 2341272
MOTHER THERASA WOMEN UNIVERSITY REGISTRAR 2387355
REGISTRAR M K UNIVERSITY MA 2345012
UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MA PROGRAMME 2531529
VETERINARY UNIVERSITY PROF & HEAD TRNG & RESEARCH CENTR 2582969

More About Madurai

After another long bus ride from Trichy, passing some wonderful landscapes and huge rock formations on which the locals had thoughtfully painted adverts for tea bags and soap powder, I arrived in the city of Madurai, home to yet more temples and a bustling bazaar scene. Seeing as I was back on my own again, I decided to pre-empt the loneliness blues by treating myself to a few nights at a mid-range hotel, namely the US$5-a-night Hotel Aarathy. My room had a television that, after a few deft manipulations of the tuning controls, revealed MTV and CNN; it had a hot water shower; it had a balcony; and it had a view over a wonderfully colourful temple across the street.

Sri Meenakshi Temple has some of the most impressive gopurams in India

A man with ten arms and ten heads? It must be Ravana, the baddie from the Ramayana, the epic Hindu classic

Return Visit to Madurai

Another incredible gopuram at Madurai's Sri Meenakshi Temple

Arriving back in Madurai after rattling down the mountain from Kodaikanal was pleasant, and having to stay an extra night there owing to a lack of free berths on the overnight train to Kollam was far from a hardship. Where Kodai had buckets and backyards, Madurai had hot water showers; where Kodai had boring old idly and dosa, Madurai had wonderful butter chicken and nan; where Kodai had weather so cold that your washing never dried, Madurai had enough roasting heat to drive the water from my freshly dipped clothes within two hours. And the same old guest house had the same old rooms above the same old restaurant that played the same old music, creating an atmosphere that would have been like coming home, if it hadn't been for the lack of Howard.

Hospitals in Madurai

Hospitals

Aravind Eye Hospital

Aravind Eye Hospital

Saraswathi Laser Eye Hospital & Research Centre

Government Rajaji Hospital

Apollo Hospitals

Meenakshi Mission Hospital

Doppler Scans

Jeyalakshmi Heart Care Centre

Christian Mission Hospital

Andrews Hospital

Bhavathi Hospitals

Dheep Clinic

Alexis Dispensary

Anu Clinic

Aryavaidhya Nilayam

Bose Clinical Laboratory

Dhanvanthri Nilayam

Eagle Sidha Ayur Hospital

S J V Clinic

Grace Kennett Foundation Hospital

Jawahar Hospital

Jay Pee Poly Clinic

Keepfit Hospital

Kumaran Hospital

Lakshmi Nursing Home

Leonard Dispensary & Maternity Home

Madurai Nadar Uravinmurai Hospital

Madurai S.V.K Nadar Uravinmurai Hospital

Ponurangam ESI Dispensary

Quality Care Hospital

Ramakrishna Medical Trust

Sivakasi Nadars Uravinmurai Hospital

St. Mary Paediatric Hospital

Sumathi Hospitals & Institute of Super of Specialities

Vadamalayan Hospital

Vijaya Hospital

Anbu Nursing Home

Ultra Scan & Diagnostic

Bose Clinic

J.J.Hospital

A.R. Hospital

Rasi Surgical Clinic

Orient Hospital

Balarethinaam Hospital

Madurai City Hospital

Shenbagam Nursing Home

Vikram Hospital

J.K. Institute of Neurology

Karthick Hospital

Madurai Kidney Centre & Transplantation Research Institute

Om Ram Hospital

Padma Ayurveda Vaidyasalai

Rajan Hospital

S.S.Hospital

Shree Krishna Childern's Hospital

Sri Kamathi Subam Hospital

Sumathi Hospital

St.Ann's Hospital

Vadamalayan Hospital

V.V.Hospital

Vasan Eye Care

Anitha Nursing Home

Osho Clinic

Southern Stone Clinic

E.S.I. Hospital

Pandian Hospital

Rathina Mental Hospital

Sugam Siddha Research Centre

Arts Colleges in Madurai

List of Arts College

  1. The American college
  2. N.M.S.S.Vellaichamy Nadar College, Nagamalai
  3. Fatima college for Women
  4. Thiyagarajar Arts College
  5. Mannar Thirumalai Nayakar College
  6. Saraswathi narayan COllege
  7. Lady Doak College
  8. Sourashrta college
  9. Madura College
  10. Sri Meenakshi Government College for Women
  11. sermathai arts college
  12. M.S.S.Wakf Board College
  13. Ambiga College of Arts and Science
  14. Nadar Mahajana Sangam Sermathai Vasan College
  15. Arulananthar College 16. Ayira Vysiya College
  16. P.K.N. Arts and Science College
  17. CSI College for women
  18. Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar College
  19. Devasagayam Annathayammal College for Women
  20. S.P. College of Science & Arts
  21. E.M.G. Kone Yadava College for women
  22. Senthamil College
  23. Govt. Arts College Melur
  24. Sourashtra College for women
  25. Sri Naga Lakshmi Ammal College of Sciences
  26. Madurai Institute of Social Sciences
  27. Subbulakshmi Lakshmipathy College of Science
  28. Madurai Kamaraj University College
  29. Madurai Kamaraj University Evening College
  30. Madurai Sivakasi Nadar Pioneer Meenakshi College for women
  31. Vivekananda College
  32. Mangayarkarasi College of Arts & Science for Women
  33. Yadava (Mens) College
  34. Nagarathinam - Angammal college of Arts & Science { upcoming }

ITI and Polytechnic colleges in Madurai

List of Polytechnic

  1. Tamil Nadu Polytechnic
  2. KLN Polytechnic
  3. SACS MAVMM Polytechnic
  4. Govt Polytechnic for Women
  5. Rukumuni Shanmugam Polytechnic
  6. Latha Mathavan Polytechnic
  7. Thanapandian Polytechnic
  8. RL INSTITUTE OF NAUTICAL SCIENCES & BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

List of ITI Colleges

  1. Govt ITI
  2. Kazi Tajuddin ITI
  3. Sri Venkateswara ITI
  4. UYPA ITI
  5. Srinivasa ITI
  6. Donbosco ITI
  7. MAVMS ITI
  8. TVS Institute of technical studies

Madurai Paramedical Colleges

List of Paramedical Colleges In madurai

  1. Aravind Eye Hospital
  2. K M College of Pharmacy
  3. Bose School of Nursing
  4. Pandian College of Pharmacy
  5. C.S.I. Jayaraj Annapackiam College of Nursing
  6. Sacred Heart Nursing College
  7. College of Allied Medical Sciences
  8. Trinity Mission & Medical Foundation
  9. Good Health Educational Trust
  10. Ultra College of Pharmacy
  11. Grace Kennett Foundation Hospital

Medical colleges in Madurai

List of Medical Colleges In madurai

  1. Madurai Medical College
  2. Govt. Homoeopathy Medical College
  3. Aravind eye hospital and Post-graduate Institute of Ophthalmology
  4. Kamaraj memorial medical college { upcoming }
  5. Aravind university of Ophtalmic sciences { upcoming }
  6. CSI Institute of medical sciences @ Pasumalai { upcoming }
  7. Velammal medical college & hospital { upcoming - deemed university like Chennai's RAMACHANDRA }
  8. CSI Dental college
  9. Ultra trust's BEST dental college
  10. MEPCO institute of DENTAL Sciences & Research (already run but stopped & expected to function again )
  11. Government Dental Hospital { upcoming }

Engineering College Madurai

List of Engineering Colleges

  1. Pandiyan Saraswathi Yadav Engineering College,
  2. KLN College Of Engineering,
  3. KLN College of Information Technology
  4. Raja College Of Engineering and Technology
  5. PTR College of Engineering,
  6. Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology,
  7. Thiyagarajar College of Engg,
  8. SACS MAVMM Engg College.,
  9. Vickram College of Engineering,
  10. Sethu Institute of Technology,
  11. Velammal college of Engineering
  12. Latha Madavan Engineering college

List of Movie Theatres

List Of Movie Halls in Madurai

  1. Annamalai A/c Dts
  2. Abirami A/c Dts
  3. Ambigai A/c Dts
  4. Ambiga A/c Dts
  5. Mookambika A/c Dts
  6. Amirtham A/c Dts
  7. Mappillai Vinayagar A/c Dts
  8. Manikka Vinayagar A/c Dts
  9. Cine priya 70MM Dts
  10. Mini priya A/c Dts
  11. Suga priya A/c Dts
  12. Nadana A/c Dts
  13. Nattiya A/c Dts
  14. Narthana A/c Dts
  15. Sakthi A/c Dts
  16. Sivam Dts
  17. Sindaamani Dts
  18. Jaya A/C Dts
  19. Tamil A/C Dts
  20. Guru A/c Dts
  21. Mathi A/c Dts
  22. Thangam Parameswari Dts
  23. Vetri A/c Dts
  24. Saraswathi Dts
  25. Jeyam Dts
  26. Dinamani Talkies
  27. Devi kalaivani A/c Dts
  28. Mani Impala Dts
  29. Sha Dts
  30. Meenakshi Dts
  31. Meenakshi Paradise A/c
  32. Hazeera A/c
  33. Central Cinema Company
  34. Harivignesh theatre
  35. pandian deluxe theatre
  36. Jyothi Dts theatre
  37. Aravind Theatre
  38. GV Multiplex Film city { upcoming in the place of Asia's largest THANGAM Theatre complex }
  39. ADLABS Multiplex { upcoming in place of existing GANESH Theatre }
  40. Majestic JAAS A/c Dts
  41. Maapillai vinayagar 4-screen multiplex { upcoming }
  42. CINEMAX Multiplex { upcoming }
  43. SAHARA Multiplex @ sahara city homes campus { upcoming }
  44. RUDRADEV Multiplexes - multiple @ RR IT township , sholankurini { upcoming }
  45. Sathyam Cinemas { upcoming, plans the same in Coimbatore )

Madurai Food Special

NNNN = Extremely noisy and crowded

NNN = Noisy and crowded

NN = Moderately noisy and crowded

N = Spacious and reduced noise level

Food type

[S] = Spicy

[H] = Hot (meaning: Garam)

[T] = Tasty!

[NV] = Non-vegetarian

[V] = Vegetarian

[J] = Jain food

[NVV] = Non-vegetarian and Vegetarian

* Modern Restaurant $$/NN/[S]/[T]/[V] One of the heritage vegetarian restaurants located on west Avani street behind the YMCA. It is the best place to savour a traditional south Indian meal. They still serve the most authentic idly, dosa, pongal and kesari (as you would find in a traditional bramhin household). Their clientele has boasted of the famous Nehru and even Mahatma Gandhi. Even till a few years ago, their walls were covered with photographs of who's who of India. A must see and eat place!!

* Amma mess $$/NNN/[S]/[T]/[NV] Amma (Tamil equivalent for Mother) mess is a very popular dining place among the locals as well as those travelling from neighbouring districts. Located on Alagar Kovil Road at Tallakulam, it is at a equal distance from Tamukkam Post Office bus stop as well as Tallakulam Perumal Kovil bus stop. If you get down at the former, head NE else head SW if latter. Their lunch is very popular. Buses to Mattuthavani should take you to this place.

* Jaffer's Home Biryani $/NN/[NV]/[T] Popular place for Biryanis and side dishes. In the evening, they make Parottas as well. Buses to Mattuthavani or Alagarkovil should take you to this place. The nearest bus stop is Evening Madurai Kamaraj Univ stop or Madurai Corporation Eco Park stop. The dining place is located on a small street opposite to the Thyagaraja Petrol Station.

* Chappati Park $/NN/[V]/[T], nearby the K.K.Nagar Arch. As the name implies, the dining place is known for its variety with Chappati (roti like item). You name it, they got it! You can notice creative stuffing with Chappatis. Popular place for dinner. The nearest bus stop would be K.K.Nagar Court (Neetheemandram). Head E if you get down at the above stop. Buses to Mattuthavani would take you to this place.

* Hotel Sabarish $/NNNN/[V]/[T]/, Town Hall Road. A very popular dining place for dosas and uthappams. Don't miss it! It is very nearby to the Madurai Railway Junction. If you head towards the Town Hall Rd from the Railway station, the hotel is situated nearby the second 4-road intersection.

* Hotel meeenakshi Bhavan $$/NN/[V]/[T] Serves very good south Indian food. Also, the north Indian food is pretty good. But all hotels serve north Indian food only during Dinnertime.

* Hotel Harish $/NN/[V] South Masi Road. Pure veg restaurant. Excellent fast food items like pizzas and chat.It houses a bakery too.

* New Ariya Bhavan, West Masi Street, it serves good Bombay/marwadi thali and south indian thali. Also,it has some fine bengali sweets in addition to local south Indian sweets and savouries.

* Murugan Idly Shop, West Masi Street. Exclusively for very soft Idlies. Also good for DOSAs and other south Indian food.Try once.

* Hotel Aarthi [V], just behind to Koodal Alagar Temple, Near Town Bus stand. Serves Good and safefood of South Indian and Continental dishes.

However, dinner options are limited. Wherever you are, please don't forget to savour the hot "raw banana bhajia' or Kela Bhajia or valakkai bhajji Tamil. Also be wary of drinking water, better to buy water bottles.

Madurai Colleges

Madurai is a popular destination of learning for surrounding rural areas. The city boasts state government owned and private colleges of higher studies falling under Madurai Kamaraj University. The following constitute some of the older and popular establishments:

  1. Madurai Medical College, Madurai-20
  2. Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Thiruparakundram, Madurai.
  3. Madurai Law College, Madurai-2
  4. The American College, Goripalayam, Madurai-2.
  5. Thiagarajar College, 139-140, Kamarajar Salai, Madurai 625 009
  6. Fatima College, Mary Land, Madurai - 625018
  7. Lady Doak College, Bibikulam, Madurai-2
  8. Madura College, TPK Road, Madurai-11
  9. Mannar Thirumalai Nayakar College, Pasumalai, Madurai - 625004.
  10. M.S.S.Wakf Board College, K.K.Nagar, Madurai-20.
  11. Sri Sathguru Sangeetha Vidyalayam (College of Music)
  12. Sourashtra College, Madurai.

Additionally, Gandhi Museum houses a library specializing in Gandhian studies.

Madurai Site Seeing

Meenakshi Temple

By far, the most common reason for visiting the city is the temple, dedicated to the goddess Meenakshi (considered a form of Parvati) with a sanctum for her consort, Sundareshwarar (or Siva). Actually, historically, the Sundereshwar shrine is the larger and older of the two temple complexes. The complex itself is a splendid example of the south Indian Dravida architectural idiom. Four immense gopurams or temple towers crown the gateways at each cardinal direction, easily visible from a distance. Each tower is encrusted with more than a thousand brilliantly painted sculptures depicting an assortment of mythological and auspicious themes. It is traditional to enter through the south gopuram and, unusually, worship the Goddess before her consort. Inside the shelter for shoe-storage, offering baskets of coconuts, bananas and incense are available in addition to images of the Goddess for home altars. Many pilgrims -- particularly the men in black or orange sarongs who are devotees of the god Ayyappan -- circumambulate the main temple itself in the prakara or space between the outer wall and main temple. In addition, snake shrines and an assortment of offices and classrooms of religious foundations are found here.

Within the temple, devotees line up for darshan or viewing of the deities. Please note, however, that non-Hindus are not permitted into the inner sancta of Meenakshi or Sundareshwarar; anyone who looks suspicious can and will be pulled out of line by attendants. However, there is an abundance of sculpture and painting accessible to all. In addition, the steps of the Pottramaraikulam or Golden Lotus Pond is open to all and is a common meeting place for inhabitants of the city, in addition to pilgrims and tourists. In ancient times, the sangam or assembly of poets was said to gather at this pool to judge the merits of new compositions, often by throwing the manuscripts into the pool itself. Those that sank were inferior while those that floated were worthy of praise and propagation.

There are many shops within the east gate, selling everything from plastic toys to bronze images of the Goddess. Be sure to bargain hard. NOTE:One can buy the special tickets at the counter[each Rs.15] to get a special darshan,which is nothing but cutting short the line by at least a half.


WARNING: Beware of guides who offer to take you to vantage points outside the temple to get a better view. You will be lured into shops that have a very hard sell..


Koodal Alagar Temple

Important Vaishnav Temple in the heart of the city, one of the Divya Desams ( 108) . Worshipped by "Alwars - Vasihnav Saints ". Worth to see and worship.


Thiruparankundram

One of the important old Temple dedicated to Lord Muruga - Karthikeya located on a hillock approximately 8 km from the city. First Arupadai Veedu. References to this ancient temple are available in scriptures from 6th century AD (Paripadal). The temple interior is a huge rectangular chamber carved out of the hill, with side chambers housing various deities of Hindu religion approached via narrow passages. The temple is accessible via road from Madurai and has a railway station 1 km away. Most express trains do not stop there though.



Alagar
Temple

Another Vaishnav temple Alagar Koil, Famous for Chittrai ( First Tamil month)/9April-May)- Summer Festival, 20 km away from the city.


Pazhamudhir Solai


Near to Alagar Koil, important Temple for Lord Karthikeya on the hills , of course inside of Solai - jungle. One of the six important temple for Lord Muruga - Karthikeya. This is a very large and beautiful temple. You can take an Auto rickshaw from the Meenakshi temple to visit this temple for a charge of around Rs 100 (2007). Regular bus service is offered by the Transport Corporation. There is a utsavam of the diety on a golden chariot at 7PM.


Naickar Mahal

The remains of the palace of the 17th century ruler Thirumalai Naickar who contributed extensively to the Meenakshi Temple.Only a small portion of the original structure[which was four times as largeremains. There were originally two parts-Swargavilasa[heavenly pavilion],meant for the King,is harem and housing the darbar court,and the ranka vilasa,which was for the servants. Currently,entrance to the roof is prohibited due the renovation work being carried out by the Archaeological Department.They claim to finish work in 6 months.

There is a sound and light show in the evening (Both English & Tamil Version of the show)

There is also a museum, which houses not only the original portraits of Thirumalai naicker,but also unearthed stine carvings of the 17th century,along with many sculptures of Hindu Gods like Brahma, Nataraja, Saraswati of the period. There is one rare painting on one of the pillars,which the Archaeological Department claim to have unearthed from one of the pillars.There is a painting hidden in every pillar,apparently.

The other portion of the palace, Rankavilasam was demolished by Thirumalai Naicker's Grandson. However, a small structure still remains known as "Ten pillars" or "Pathu Thoon"[in Tamil]. Sadly,these ten pillars of timeless beauty are now surrounded by shops and residential houses.

Please do visit the Archaeological Department adjacent to the palace for more information.


Gandhi Museum

This museum, located on the north side of the river, houses Gandhi's bloodstained dhoti and little else by way of artifacts. Those interested in the freedom struggle, though, will be interested in the extensive text housed here.

Tamil speakers and long-term visitors may be interested in the classes and workshops offered in subjects as diverse as t'ai chi and local herbs. There is also a khadi bhavan (store selling village and handloom products) and bookstore, with (mostly Tamil) books on spiritual and natural health topics.

Also located on the campus of the museum is a government museum (across from the library). The museum is located in Tamukkam Palace near Goripalayam on the northern side of the river Vaikai.


Vandiyur Mariamman Teppakulam

A temple built in the middle of a man-made pond. Famous for its float festival (teppa tiruvila) conducted during the Thai Poosam (falls in the second half of January). Popular story is that the spot was excavated for its soil to be used for building 17th Century king Tirumala Nayakkar's palace. The king had ordered excavated spot to be converted into a 16 acre lake fed from Vaigai river through under ground channels. The river itself boasts of water only during North-East Monsoon season (Oct-Nov) and hence the lake has water from Nov to Feb.

Get Around Madurai

By bus

There are government and private buses that will take you around Madurai and also to places like Munnar, Kodaikanal, Kuttralam etc. For travel within the city, state government owned buses are available. These are heavily crowded during peak hours (around 8:00AM, 1:00PM and 5:00PM), but are cheap with a 5km trip costing you just Rs.3/-. Since most of the route information displayed on the bus will be in Tamil, it is best to take the bus conductor's help before venturing into this mode of transport.

By car

As elsewhere in India, you probably won't be renting a car on your own, but it is possible to hire a car and driver. See the main India article for more.

Average car rental to go to places like Alagar Temple,Thiruparakundram,Naicker Mahal,Palamudurcholai is Rs.600-650. Please be beware of cheats as foreign tourists are easily duped into paying more.

By Auto Rickshaws

The Auto Rickshaws are unmetered, which means you need to pre-negotiate your fare before commencing your travel. The rule of thumb rate is Rs10 per km of travel during day time(as of 2007) and Rs 15 per km during night. It is likely for auto rickshaw drivers to quote exorbitant rates to Foreigners and non-Tamilian Indians. It is usually safe to hire from central, well lit locations like the railway station. Otherwise caution should be used.

Get in

The flights connect mainly to Chennai(Madras). The airport is approximately 15 km from the city off National Highway 47. It is best to hire a "pre paid taxi" from the airport from the counter in the arrival lounge or pre-arrange for someone to pick you.

By rail

Madurai is well connected to the Indian Railway network and is the gateway to southern districts. Trains are available to/from Chennai(Madras), Bangalore, Mumbai(Bombay) and Delhi. Train journey from Chennai would take 8 to 10 hours. Many over night trains with sleeper facility (Air conditioned and non-air-conditioned) ply from Chennai.

By bus

  • The city is well connected to all major cities in Tamil Nadu via state government operated and private buses. Buses also ply from important cities in neighbouring states of Kerala(Ernakulam, Trivandram) and Karnataka(Bangalore, Mysore). The buses vary from ordinary (with minimal cushions on the seats and no limit to number of persons in a bus) to Luxury (with cushioned, push back seats with AC costing Rs 500 in 2007). Sleeper A/c buses and Volvo buses are also available.

The city has several bus stands of which the bus stand in Mattuthavani is for inter city travel and is located about 6 km from city center. The Periyar bus stand, located near the railway station and 2 km from city center, is the hub for intra-city buses. Apart from this, private bus operators may have their starting and ending points right in front of their office and most of these offices are traditionally located near Periyar bus stand.

History

Madurai is a 2600 years old historical city surrounded by elegant natural plantations, technical institutes and textile mills situated in Tamilnadu, India.

The city is known for its rich heritage, culture and historical background in the sense that Lord Shiva himself performed sixty-four wonders called "Thiruvilaiyadals" in Madurai many centuries ago. Madurai is located on banks of river Vaigai and was the capital of Pandya kingdom.

Madurai is the busiest commercial center in south Tamilnadu. This sacred city of south India attracts thousands of pilgrims and visitors from India and abroad. Legend says, Madurai was once called forest KADAMBAVANAM. Once a merchant named Dhananjaya who was passing through the forest, saw INDRAN - the king of Gods, worshipping a SWAYAMBHULINGAM under a kadamba tree in the forest. This was reported immediately to the king KULASHEKARA PANDYAN. Kulashekara cleared the forest and built a magnificent Sri Meenakshi Sundareswarar temple around the sacred LINGAM and he built a lotus shaped city around the temple. On the naming ceremony of the city, Lord Shiva appeared magnificently to bless the city. The divine nectar (madhu) from the matted locks of Shiva fell on the blessed city. So, then the city was named "Madhurapuri". Madurai has reference in the great Indian epics - Ramayana , Kautilyas and Arthasastra.

As early as the 302BC, Megasthanes visited Madurai. Great travel-historians like Pliny (77AD) and Ptolemy (140AD) have made reference to Madurai in their travelogues. Marcopolo visited Madurai in 1293AD followed by Ibn Batuta in 1333AD. Later many people from Rome and Greece visited Madurai and established trade with the Pandya kings.

During the 10 century AD, Madurai was captured by Cholas. The Cholas ruled Madurai from 920 AD till the beginning of the 13th century. In 1223 AD Pandyas regained their kingdom and once again become prosperous. Pandian Kings patronised Tamil language in a great way. During their period, many master-pieces were created. "Silapathikaram", the great epic in Tamil was written based on the story of Kannagi who burnt Madurai as a result of the injustice caused to her husband Kovalan. In April 1311, Malik Kafur, the general of Alauddin Khilji who was then the ruler of Delhi, reached Madurai and raided and robbed the city for precious stones, jewels, and other rare treasures. This led to the subsequent raids by other Muslim Sultans. In 1323, the Pandya kingdom including Madurai became a province of the Delhi empire, under the Tughlaks.

The 1371, the Vijayanagar dynasty of Hampi captured Madurai and Madurai became part of the Vijayanagar empire. Kings of this dynasty were in habit of leaving the captured land to governors called Nayaks. This was done for the efficient management of their empire. The Nayaks paid fixed amount annually to the Vijayanagar empire. After the death of Krishna Deva Raya (King of Vijayanagar empire) in 1530 AD, the Nayaks became independent and ruled the territories under their control. Among Nayaks, Thirumalai Nayak (1623-1659) was very popular, even now he is popular among people, since, it was he who contributed to the creation of many magnificent structures in and around Madurai. The Raja Gopuram of the Meenakshi Amman Temple, The Pudu Mandapam and The Thirumalai Nayakar's Palace are living monuments to his artistic fervor.

Madurai started slipping into the hands of the British's East India Company. In 1781, British appointed their representatives to look after Madurai. George Procter was the first collector of Madurai.

Now after Indian independence, Madurai is one of the major districts of Tamilnadu State. Madurai is surrounded by several mountains. It is famous for Jasmine Flowers. Jasmine flowers are transported to various other cities of India from Madurai. Kodaikanal is the beautiful hill resort situated near Madurai. The city is surrounded by three small prominent hills which are called the Anaimalai, Pasumalai and Nagamalai named after their resemblance to an Elephant, a Cow and a Snake respectively.

Madurai, one of India's oldest cities, boasts of a history dating back to Sangam period of the pre-Christian era. It was home to the ancient Tamil Sangam (The Academy of Tamil Learning), and hosted the literary conclave that produced the first Tamil epic Silappathikaaram and other literary masterpieces. Megasthenes, the ancient Greek diplomat and envoy to India in 3rd century BC, had written in glowing terms about Madurai in Indica, his much celebrated account on India. Madurai reached its height of glory during the rule of the Cholas, and finally the Pandyas in the 13th century.

Pandyas

The Meenakshi-Sundareswarar temple, which stands today as one of India's cultural and architectural landmarks, was originally built by the Pandya King Kulasekaran. The ancient city of Madurai was then developed in a Lotus like formation with the temple at the center and streets and main thoroughfares layered one after the other in a concentric fashion. It is important to note that these streets were named after months in the Tamil calendar. For example, the first layer is named after the Tamil month of Aadi and the streets are named North, South, East, and West Aadi Streets. Next to Aadi street is Chithirai street. Legend has it that on the day the city was to be named, Lord Shiva blessed the land and its people while divine nectar showered on the city from his matted locks. The city hence came to be known as "Madhurapuri" meaning "The Land of Divine Nectar". The city has often been referred to as "Athens of the East" thanks to the beautiful architecture of all the ancient monuments and to meticulous urban planning.

Muslim Rule

In 1311 AD Madurai was invaded by Malik Kafur, the general of Alauddin Khilji who ruled the Delhi Sultanate. Subsequently, the sanctum sanctorum of the Meenakshi Temple was closed and the main deity was shifted to the Ardhamandapam. Madurai remained in control of Muslim rulers for the next fifty years. However, in 1371, the Vijayanagar rulers of Hampi raided the city and annexed it to their Kingdom.

Nayak Rule

Vijayanagar rulers appointed Governors known as Nayaks to administer this newly annexed territory.Later by 1545 the Nayaks became more autonomuus establishing the Madurai Nayak dynasty ruling upto 1740's.The temple was reopened and the Nayaks, most notably Thirumalai Nayak, contributed much to the rebuilding of the temple that had almost been destroyed during the Muslim rule. The Nayaks made lasting contributions to the city's architecture such as the Raja Gopuram of the Meenakshi Temple, and the Thirumalai Nayak Palace. After the Vijayanagar empire collapsed in 1565, the Nayak dynasty continued to rule Madurai for about two centuries.

Rani Mangammal (1689-1704) was other notable ruler who made large contributions to the cities structures.During her reign Shivaji Bhonsle, the great Maratha Ruler, invaded the south; and so did Chikka Deva Raya of Mysore and other Muslim Rulers, resulting in chaos and instability all around.Rani Mangammal,stood up against these invasions. Though her rule lasted no more than two decades, she will forever be cherished by the people of Madurai for the prudence, determination and courage she exhibited during a particularly troublesome period, with very little support from outside.The kingdom began to break up after her rule as her successors were weak rulers and invasions of Madurai recommenced.

British Rule

Madurai soon started slipping into the hands of the British East India Company. By 1801, the whole of Madurai district, which then was made up of Dindigul, Palani, Kodaikkanal, Ramanathapuram and Sivagangai was brought under the control of British East India Company. Madurai was the birthplace of American academic Vida Dutton Scudder. American missionary Henry Martyn Scudder came to Madurai in 1846.

Today, Madurai stands on the banks of the river Vaigai. The city is well known for its spiritual hill Thiruparankundram which abodes lord Subramaniya . Apart from this the ancient city is also surrounded by three small prominent hills which are called the Anaimalai, Pasumalai and Nagamalai from their supposed resemblance to an elephant, a cow and a snake respectively.

Saturday, May 10, 2008

Madurai History

Madurai is the busiest commercial center in south Tamilnadu. This sacred city of south India attracts thousands of pilgrims and visitors from India and abroad. Legend says, Madurai was once called forest KADAMBAVANAM. Once a merchant named Dhananjaya who was passing through the forest, saw INDRAN - the king of Gods, worshipping a SWAYAMBHULINGAM under a kadamba tree in the forest. This was reported immediately to the king KULASHEKARA PANDYAN. Kulashekara cleared the forest and built a magnificent Sri Meenakshi Sundareswarar temple around the sacred LINGAM and he built a lotus shaped city around the temple. On the naming ceremony of the city, Lord Shiva appeared magnificently to bless the city. The divine nectar (madhu) from the matted locks of Shiva fell on the blessed city. So, then the city was named "Madhurapuri". Madurai has reference in the great Indian epics - Ramayana , Kautilyas and Arthasastra.

As early as the 302BC, Megasthanes visited Madurai. Great travel-historians like Pliny (77AD) and Ptolemy (140AD) have made reference to Madurai in their travelogues. Marcopolo visited Madurai in 1293AD followed by Ibn Batuta in 1333AD. Later many people from Rome and Greece visited Madurai and established trade with the Pandya kings.

During the 10 century AD, Madurai was captured by Cholas. The Cholas ruled Madurai from 920 AD till the beginning of the 13th century. In 1223 AD Pandyas regained their kingdom and once again become prosperous. Pandian Kings patronised Tamil language in a great way. During their period, many master-pieces were created. "Silapathikaram", the great epic in Tamil was written based on the story of Kannagi who burnt Madurai as a result of the injustice caused to her husband Kovalan. In April 1311, Malik Kafur, the general of Alauddin Khilji who was then the ruler of Delhi, reached Madurai and raided and robbed the city for precious stones, jewels, and other rare treasures. This led to the subsequent raids by other Muslim Sultans. In 1323, the Pandya kingdom including Madurai became a province of the Delhi empire, under the Tughlaks.

The 1371, the Vijayanagar dynasty of Hampi captured Madurai and Madurai became part of the Vijayanagar empire. Kings of this dynasty were in habit of leaving the captured land to governors called Nayaks. This was done for the efficient management of their empire. The Nayaks paid fixed amount annually to the Vijayanagar empire. After the death of Krishna Deva Raya (King of Vijayanagar empire) in 1530 AD, the Nayaks became independent and ruled the territories under their control. Among Nayaks, Thirumalai Nayak (1623-1659) was very popular, even now he is popular among people, since, it was he who contributed to the creation of many magnificent structures in and around Madurai. The Raja Gopuram of the Meenakshi Amman Temple, The Pudu Mandapam and The Thirumalai Nayakar's Palace are living monuments to his artistic fervor.

Madurai started slipping into the hands of the British's East India Company. In 1781, British appointed their representatives to look after Madurai. George Procter was the first collector of Madurai.

Now after Indian independence, Madurai is one of the major districts of Tamilnadu State. Madurai is surrounded by several mountains. It is famous for Jasmine Flowers. Jasmine flowers are transported to various other cities of India from Madurai. Kodaikanal is the beautiful hill resort situated near Madurai. The city is surrounded by three small prominent hills which are called the Anaimalai, Pasumalai and Nagamalai named after their resemblance to an Elephant, a Cow and a Snake respectively.